Multirresistencia en el mundo anaerobio: Bacteroides fragilis

Autores

Daniel Cascante-Serrano

RESUMEN

Bacteroides fragilis es la bacteria anaerobia más frecuentemente aislada en casos de infecciones intestinales debido a su capacidad de persistir en alto número en el intestino como comensal y patógeno. Posee múltiples mecanismos de resistencia a los antimicrobianos que se encuentran expresados constitutivamente en su cromosoma, sin embargo algunos de estos mecanismos pueden ser parte de elementos genéticos móviles y transferirse lateralmente a otras especies bacterianas. Se ha demostrado que B. fragilis posee alta resistencia a los principales antimicrobianos de uso clínico, además se ha registrado una resistencia emergente hacia antimicrobianos de la familia de los carbapenémicos con cursos clínicos letales lo cual implica un reforzamiento en la vigilancia epidemiológica de la resistencia hacia los antimicrobianos de esta familia con el fin de evitar fallos terapéuticos.

Palabras clave

ABSTRACT

Bacteroides fragilis is the most frequently isolated anaerobic bacterium in cases of intestinal infections because of its ability to persist in high numbers in the human intestine as a commensal and pathogen. It has multiple mechanisms of resistance to antimicrobials which are expressed constitutively in its chromosome, however some of these mechanisms can be encoded in mobile genetic elements and transferred laterally to other bacterial species. It has been shown that B. fragilis has high resistance to the main antimicrobials for clinical use, in addition there has been an emerging resistance to antimicrobials of the family of carbapenems with lethal clinical courses which implies a strengthening in the epidemiological surveillance of the resistance towards the antimicrobials of this family in order to avoid therapeutic failures.

Keywords

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