Parasitosis debidas a protozoarios intestinales: una actualización sobre su abordaje y tratamiento farmacológico en Costa Rica
Autores
Alberto Solano-Barquero, Dennis León-Alán
Resumen
En Costa Rica, las parasitosis intestinales son consideradas por muchos profesionales de la salud una causa de preocupación menor, aun cuando se carece de evidencia epidemiológica actualizada sobre estas. Es común, en nuestro país, encontrar cargas parasitarias mucho mayores a las supuestas para el promedio nacional, en comunidades que reúnen algunos factores de riesgo para parasitosis intestinales. Los efectos a corto y largo plazo de las parasitosis sobre el desarrollo físico y cognitivo en los niños están bien documentados, de ahí la importancia de dar un abordaje y tratamiento correctos y oportunos a las personas que las padecen, pero sobre todo, mejorar las condiciones que permitan prevenir la transmisión de estas infecciones. El objetivo de esta revisión es brindar información actualizada sobre el tratamiento de las parasitosis intestinales debidas a protozoarios más comunes en Costa Rica.
Palabras clave
Parásitos intestinales, diagnóstico, técnicas diagnósticas, amebiasis, giardiasis, diagnóstico, abordaje, terapéutico, tratamiento, fármacos, farmacoterapia, antiparasitarios, Giardia, Entamoeba histolytica, Blastocystis hominis.Abstract
It is widely accepted in Costa Rica that intestinal parasites are a minor source of concern, even though a sufficient state of knowledge about their epidemiology is lacking. It is frequent to find heavier parasitic loads in children than those expected in comparison with the national average in some communities with several risk factors for intestinal parasites. Short and long term effects of parasitic infections on children’s growth and cognitive development are well documented. For that reason, a correct and timely approach and treatment must be offered to people infected with these parasites. Moreover, it is very important to develop the adequate conditions in order to prevent the transmission of these infections. In this paper, some actualized information on the correct approach and management of the most common intestinal protozoal parasites in Costa Rica is given, including the pharmacotherapy.
Key words
Intestinal parasites, diagnostic, techniques ,amoebiasis, giardiasis, management, therapeutics, treatment, drugs, pharmacotherapy, antiprotozoal medication, Giardia, Entamoeba histolytica, Blastocystis hominis.Texto completo
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