Evaluación de una prueba rápida para la detección de antígeno del SARS-CoV-2 para el diagnóstico de COVID-19 en pacientes sintomáticos respiratorios
Autores
Juan Carlos Villalobos-Ugalde, Teresa Somogyi-Pérez, Vanessa Villalobos-Alfaro
Resumen
El SARS-CoV-2 es el agente causal de COVID-19. COVID-19 es una enfermedad respiratoria infecciosa aguda emergente que se propaga a través del tracto respiratorio superior por contacto directo con personas infectadas. Dado la crisis global, es necesaria la aplicación de pruebas con alta sensibilidad y especificidad para hacer un diagnóstico adecuado y favorecer el movimiento de pacientes en los servicios de emergencias. El propósito de este trabajo era evaluar una prueba rápida de detección del antígeno del SARS-CoV-2 con el fin de determinar su sensibilidad y utilidad para el diagnóstico de COVID-19 en pacientes sintomáticos respiratorios que fueron atendidos en el servicio de Urgencias del Hospital México; esto se logró por medio de la comparación con los resultados obtenidos con la prueba estándar de diagnóstico (RT-PCR). Nuestros resultados indican que la utilización de la prueba de antígeno del SARS-CoV-2 puede favorecer la detección temprana de al menos el 71% de los pacientes sintomáticos respiratorios, siempre y cuando se mantenga la adecuada selección de los pacientes, según la clínica, y los días de evolución.
Palabras clave
SARS-CoV-2, pruebas diagnósticas, COVID-19, prueba de antígenoAbstract
SARS-CoV-2 is the causative agent of COVID-19. COVID-19 is an emerging acute infectious respiratory disease, which is spread through the upper respiratory tract by direct contact with infected people. Given the global crisis, it is necessary to apply tests with high sensitivity and specificity to make an adequate diagnosis and favor the movement of patients in the emergency services. The purpose of this work was to evaluate a rapid detection test for the SARS-CoV-2 antigen to determine its sensitivity and usefulness for the diagnosis of COVID-19 in respiratory symptomatic patients who were treated in the Emergency Service of the Hospital México, by comparing it with the results obtained with the standard diagnostic test (RT-PCR). Our results showed that the use of the SARS-CoV-2 antigen test can favor the early detection of at least 71% of respiratory symptomatic patients if the adequate selection of patients is maintained according to the clinic and the time of evolution.
Key words
SARS-CoV-2, diagnostic tests, COVID-19, antigen testTexto completo
Referencias
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